Julius Rosenwald was part owner of Sears, Roebuck and Company in the early 1900s. His motto was “Give while you live.” He started giving to mostly Jewish causes when he was young, but one man changed that. Rosenwald meet Booker T. Washington. A former slave, Booker T. Washington believed that the only way for African Americans to achieve equality was to first become self-reliant, productive members of society as laborers. Washington’s idea of self-reliance appealed to Rosenwald. On his fiftieth birthday, Rosenwald gave matching grants to many groups, including a small amount to Washington to help build elementary schools for blacks in the South. He soon discovered the inequities in education faced by blacks in the South. He began giving more more with one stipulation: “each community had to contribute to the building of the school.” The book details how communities raised money, the blueprints for some schools, the prominent African Americans who benefited from the schools and more. More than 600,000 African American children attended Rosenwald schools. An excellent account of a little known segment of history.
Tag Archives: nonfiction
Children Growing Up with War
Photojournalist Jenny Matthews begins her book by discussing what it means to be a freelance photographer, how she got started and how she is able to go into conflict zones and do her job. She ends her introduction with the UN Convention Rights of the Child. She uses these rights as an organizational tool; each chapter is devoted to certain rights. Although it might seem disjointed to some, this method allows Matthews to cover a significant number of conflicts all over the world instead of just a few.
Matthews puts a personal face on conflicts. She discusses the expectation that journalists should be objective and neutral, but says she that tries to get as close as she can to her subjects. She tries to listen and observer; she wants to understand what they are going through. Trying to minimize the distance between herself and her subjects serves her well; her photographs are moving. While some of them depict the result of violence, they are not gratuitously violent. Some of them are hopeful.
There are charts with important data intermingled with the photos: how many people are displaced by war, the percentage of refugees who are children, or the percentage of children who are killed or maimed by land mines. At the end of the book, there is a map of countries referred to in the book, a short description of the major conflicts, a glossary and a list of websites for further information.
Warsaw, Lodz, Vilna: The Holocaust Ghettos
Part of the Remembering the Holocaust series, this volume focuses on the first phase of Hitler’s plan to achieve the Final Solution. After the successful invasion of Poland, the Jews were to be “concentrated” in designated areas. The author describes the way the ghettos were governed, what daily life was like for the residents of the ghettos and more. Events were set in motion by Operation Barbarossa that changed the way the Nazis dealt with Jews; Russian Jews were not deported, they were slaughtered immediately. This edition goes on to describe the problems of disease and starvation in the ghettos, the Jews who hid or fought back and individual stories of courage. It ends with a timeline, glossary and a list of resources for more information.
Line of Fire: Diary of an Unknown Soldier August, September 1914
As Barroux was walking through Paris, he found a diary in a heap of trash. It was the diary of a soldier serving during World War I. Barroux retrieved the diary and illustrated the soldier’s story. Much of the account is about boredom, waiting, digging, death and noise. Occasionally the soldier remembers something about home and family. But mostly he wonders where they will find shelter, where the war is, when he will get mail; it is a very realistic if depressing look at the Great War. Barroux’s illustrations are as stark as the diary entries. No one knows who wrote the diary or what happened to him. Those interested in WWI, history, or graphic novels should find this interesting.
The Manhattan Project
This reference begins with the Allies’ fears that Germany would be the first to create the atomic bomb and then proceeds through the steps taken to make sure the Allies beat them to it. From the selection of the scientists and the military commander in charge of the project to the selection of the facilities where the work would take place, Wukovits provides clear information, interesting sidebars, and photos to give students insight into this devastating event in history. The majority of the book details the planning and construction of the bomb; information on Hiroshima and Nagasaki is included although more detail is readily available elsewhere. While the book does touch on the opposing views on whether atomic bombs should be used, it is not explored in depth here. This resource does a good job illustrating the planning and execution of the creation of the bomb.
Essential Lives: Malala Yousafzai
This biography begins with the assassination attempt on Malala on her way home from school in 2012. The next few chapters provide background information: on Pakistan, Islam, the Taliban, and Malala’s childhood. The author does a good job illustrating how committed Malala and her father were to her education despite the obstacles they faced. The dangers they faced and the living conditions they endured when they had to flee their province are mentioned; however, the book seems to be targeting a young audience. It describes the living conditions in refugee camps as “less than ideal,” which I am sure is grossly understated. I do think kids will be interested in how Malala got started as an activist, with her diaries, blogs and documentaries. There is no mention of her Nobel Prize; the book was published in 2013. However, many students might already be aware of her award. The book ends with a timeline of events, important facts, a glossary and a list of resources for those wanting more information. This is a good overview, but there is not a lot of in-depth information or analysis of Malala’s life, beliefs or actions.
Walter Dean Myers
Washington Post reporter Jim Naughton called Walter Dean Myers a “one man movement.” Myers told stories about the lives of African American youth at a time when literature for youth was “monochromatic,” written by white authors about white characters. This book tells Myers’ story, from his troubled childhood and lack of success in school, to his time in the military to his career as a writer. Fans of his writing will see the roots of many of his characters in his childhood. His struggle to achieve and his perseverance in becoming a writer is inspirational. There is also a chapter on his efforts to reach children, especially troubled youth, through his writing. Myers is such a popular writer that this biography is bound to circulate well, especially after his recent death. The book is appealing, with many sidebars and photographs, and ends with a timeline of important events and a list of resources for further information.
At Issue: Fracking
This volume provides a range of opinions on issues related to fracking: the environmental risks, possible contamination, pollution, chemicals used and more. The sources range from government agencies to news reports to industry reports. The articles are short and accessible; the reading level is appropriate for high school students. The resource contains a list of organizations to contact for more information and a bibliography. This book is a useful addition to a secondary school library for research and could be used to support more nonfiction reading in the classroom as teachers align curriculum to ELA Common Core Standards.
Current Controversies: Violence in the Media
In this volume of the series, violence in music lyrics and videos, exposure to violence in television and movies, violent video games and society’s reaction to violence in the media are considered. Opposing views on each of these issues are presented. The topics are timely and likely to appeal to teens. I think many teens will enjoy the article that questions whether PacMan will lead to the demise of a generation. (If they know what PacMan is.) Each chapter begins with an overview or a preface and several includes a list of references. The book ends with organizations to contact and a bibliography. With Common Core Standards necessitating the need for more nonfiction reading in the classroom, a book like this with timely, interesting articles is a good addition to a secondary school library.
Hidden Like Anne Frank
This book tells the stories of 14 Jews who went into hiding in the Netherlands during World War II to survive. The stories are stark; a few have moments of happiness but most are stories of desperation, fear and longing. Some of the survivors lived in more than 25 different locations before the Netherlands was liberated. Some spent their time hiding in confinement in small spaces; others were able for at least a while to move around in a home and have contact with other people. Some stayed with family or friends; others lived with perfect strangers.
Prins was inspired to write the book because his mother was forced to go into hiding in the Netherlands when she was only six years old. The experiences of the survivors vary greatly; however, many describe themselves as broken after the war. So many looked forward to liberation, only to discover that it was not significantly better: they had no homes to return to, no possessions, no businesses, and frequently, no sense of family after living apart for so long. They could not connect again with parents who sent them into hiding and had to hide apart from their children. Many felt closer to their “foster” families than their own.
Although I was compelled by the stories to finish the book, I am not sure who the audience will be. The voices in this book are stilted; whether that is a factor of translation, the unease of telling of their stories or that the survivors told their stories in the voices of the children in them who lived it, it felt off. I do think students who are fascinated by the Holocaust, especially if they have just finished The Diary of Anne Frank, will want to read this book.